Water potential and you will gas replace immediately after DED vaccination

• P is the significance level of the factor (n.s.: not significant; *<0·05; **<0·01; ***<0·001). % is the percentage of variability explained by the factor. Factors that have not been considered in the model are represented with a dash (–).

• a roentgen: resistant; S: susceptible.
• b Level of inoculated seedlings.
• c Imply wilting payment ± SE.
• d Emails name homogeneous teams by Fisher’s LSD try (P = 0·05).

Hydraulic conductivity and you may vulnerability to help you cavitation

Vulnerability to cavitation (P₅₀ and P₈₀), Kx_maximum and absolute conductivity (Kx) did not differ significantly among the types werkt loveroulette of crosses (Fig. 1; Table 3). Loss of conductivity began at ?0·3 MPa and progressed at a similar rate in all crosses, i.e. there were no differences in the slope of VCs (P = 0·87; Table 3).

• a WP 20 d.a.i., wilting percentage 20 days after inoculation; VC slope, ‘a’ parameter of the exponential sigmoid: PLC = 100/(1 + exp[a(??b)]); P₅₀, applied pressure at which the sample loses 50% hydraulic conductance; P₈₀, applied pressure at which the sample loses 80% hydraulic conductance; Kx_max, maximum xylem specific conductivity; VL_max, maximum vessel length; bVL, vessel length distribution parameter; WD, wood density; VD, vessel diameter; VTA, vessel transectional area; THC, relative theoretical hydraulic conductance; VF, vessel frequency; (t/b) 2 , resistance to implosion; PGV, percentage of grouped vessels; VPG, vessels per group; VGA, vessel groups per area; CLVF, contribution of large vessels (VD >70 ?m) to flow; CMVF, contribution of medium vessels (40 < VD < 70 ?m) to flow; CSVF, contribution of small vessels (VD <40 ?m) to flow.
• b R: unwilling, S: vulnerable. Mean worth ± SE. Characters name homogeneous organizations contained in this a changeable (P = 0·05, Fisher’s LSD approach).
• cP-worthy of from the anova.
• *log-switched to satisfy anova criteria; **inverse-switched to meet anova requirements.

Despite P₈₀ and Kx_max not differing between crossing types, these variables were positively correlated with WP 20 d.a.i. for the 24 selected trees (P < 0·05; Table S1). Nevertheless, the coefficient of correlation was low in both cases (R 2 < 0·20).

Anatomical enjoys

Maximum vessel length (VL_max) ranged from 69 to 118 mm. S ? S trees had 30–40% significantly longer conduits and a higher percentage of longer vessels (Fig. 2a; Table 3). There was a negative correlation between Kx_max (log-transformed) and bVL (R 2 = 34·5, P = 0·0026; Table S1): plants with shorter vessels had lower conductivity.

S ? S progeny showed the widest vessels (VD; Table 3), and were unique in having vessel diameters greater than 90 ?m (Fig. 2b). The progeny of the S ? S cross also had larger VTA, and a THC twice as high as the other two groups (Table 3). CLVF, CMVF and CSVF did not differ among crossing types (P > 0·05, Table 3). As expected, Kx_max (log-transformed) was positively correlated with THC (R 2 = 32·6, P = 0·0035; Table S1) and VD (R 2 = 28·8, P = 0·0068; Table S1). In addition, R ? R individuals showed a significantly higher VF (c. 20%) and a greater (t/b) 2 (P < 0·05; Table 3). Meanwhile, S ? S saplings had significantly higher PGV (Table 3). There were no differences in WD, VPG or VGA between the groups (P > 0·05; Table 3).

Both ?_pd and ?_md progressively decreased after DED inoculation (Fig. 3a). Seventeen d.a.i., ?_pd had dropped more than 0·25 MPa and 47 d.a.i. c. 1 MPa, independent of the type of crossing (Fig. 3a). ?_md dropped from ?1 MPa to almost ?3 MPa in S ? S progeny at the end of the experiment. From the thirteenth d.a.i., ?_md of R ? R cross progeny was significantly different from S ? S cross progeny.